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Chemistry of Materials
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CHEM 1010
For full credit you must show all work in calculations!
- A French exchange student has a height of 1.60 m.
- How many significant figures are in this measurement? (1 points)
- Calculate and express the height of the student in the usual American way using feet and inches. (1 inch = 2.54 cm). (3 points)
- A gasoline tanker transports about 11,000 gallons of fuel (2 sig figs). What mass of gasoline is in a full tanker? (Density of gasoline = 0.75 kg/L, 1 L = 1.057 quart, 4 quarts = 1 gallon) (3 points)
- A candlestick weighing 26 ounces is made of brass composed of 65% copper and 35% zinc.
- What is the mass of the candlestick in kilograms? (1 kg = 2.205 pounds) (3 points) (1 kg = 2.205 pounds, 1 pound = 16 ounces)
- What mass of zinc is in this candlestick? (2 points)
a. What mass of brass for candlesticks could be made from 155 kg of copper? (2 points)
- Which of the terms element, compound, or mixture is correctly used for A, B, and C in the following sentence. (3 points).
Minor constituents of the {A} that constitutes our atmosphere include the {B} argon and the {C} carbon dioxide.
A:
B:
C:
5. Match each element with its symbol from this list: C, Ca, Cu
(3 points)
Copper
Calcium
Carbon
6. 18.2 g of zinc reacts with sulfur to produce 27.0 g of zinc sulfide as the only product.
a. What mass of sulfur must have reacted with zinc? (1 point)
b. What Law of chemistry did you use to make the determination in part a? (1 point)
c. If 1.8 kg of zinc sulfide were decomposed, how much zinc could be produced, assuming none is lost in the process? (3 points)
d. What Law of chemistry did you use to make the determination in part c? (1 point)
7. Use the periodic table to answer the following questions. (1 point each)
a. What is the atomic number for the element boron?
b. What is the atomic weight of the element iron?
c. What is the name of the noble gas in the first period?
d. What is the name of the group 15 (5A) element in the third period?
e. How many electrons are in a neutral magnesium atom?
f. How many neutrons does an atom of carbon‐14 (14C) have?
8. A neutral sulfur atom has 16 electrons.
a. Write the full electron configuration for a neutral sulfur atom (2 points)
b. How many valence electrons does a neutral sulfur atom have? (1 points)
c. Draw a Lewis dot symbol for a neutral sulfur atom (1 point)
d. What is the charge on a sulfide ion? (1 point)
9. Cesium is an element in group 1 with symbol Cs.
a. What is the charge on a cesium ion? (1 point)
b. What is the formula of cesium sulfide? (2 points)
10. Mercury vapor lamps emit violet light with a wavelength of 436 nm.
a. What is this wavelength in meters? Answer in scientific notation. (2 points)
b. What is the frequency (in hertz, Hz = per second) of light of this wavelength? (3 points) (Speed of light = 2.998 x 108 m/s)
11. Rock 103 broadcasts at 102.7 MHz (megahertz, mega = 106). Calculate the energy of a single photon of this electromagnetic radiation. (Planck’s constant = 6.626 x 10‐34 J.s) (3 points)
12. Halothane, a common general anesthetic with formula C2HBrClF3, has a boiling point of 50oC.
a. What is 50oC in Fahrenheit? (2 points)
b. Use the atomic weights given on the periodic table to determine the formula weight of halothane in unified atomic mass units. (3 points)
c. Calculate the percentage by mass of fluorine in halothane. (2 points)
13. Explain the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory. (2 points)
14. Explain the difference between a compound and a homogeneous mixture of elements using nitrogen, oxygen, and nitrous oxide (N2O) to illustrate your answer. Nitrous oxide is commonly known as laughing gas and is sometimes used as an anesthetic in dental surgery. (3 points)
