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To understand the scope of science and religion, we must first understand the interaction between them. The term “science” referred to natural philosophy or experimental philosophy while religion concern the natural and the supernatural (Bloom, 2007).   The view that science can be demarcated from religion in its methodological naturalism is more commonly accepted. Natural philosophers, such as Isaac Newton and Robert Boyle, sometimes appealed to supernatural agents in their natural philosophy (which we now call “science”). There is tendency to favor naturalistic explanations in natural philosophy (Bloom, 2007).

                Science and religion are closely interconnected in the scientific study of religion, which can be traced back to seventeenth-century natural.   A recent development in the scientific study of religion is the cognitive science of religion. This is a multidisciplinary field, with authors from among others, developmental psychology, anthropology, philosophy, and cognitive psychology. It differs from other scientific approaches to religion” because its presupposition that religion is not a purely cultural phenomenon. Some authors regard religion as the byproduct of cognitive processes that do not have an evolved function specific for religion. For example, according to Paul Bloom (2007), religion emerges as a byproduct of our intuitive distinction between minds and   bodies, we can think of minds as continuing, even after the body dies (e.g., by attributing desires to a dead family member), which makes belief in an afterlife and in disembodied spirits natural and spontaneous. From the 1920s onward, the scientific study of religion became less concerned with grand unifying narratives, and focused more on religion traditions and beliefs.   Shelly and Miller (2006) found that people in various cultures straightforwardly combine supernatural and natural explanations, for instance, South Africans are aware AIDS is caused by a virus, but some also believe that a witch ultimately causes the viral infection.   Current work in the field of science and religion encompasses of topics, including free will, ethic, human nature, and consciousness (Shelly & Miller, 2006).   Postmodernism is a complex idea because it refers not only to cultural sensibilities but also to the way we must look at reality itself, it signifies a monumental shift in outlook that has affected every aspect of contemporary culture including science and the arts (Shelly & Miller, 2006).