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Compose a 1000 words essay on Gallstones. Needs to be plagiarism free!Download file to see previous pages... The pathology and treatment of gallstones is still relatively not very well understood. gal
Compose a 1000 words essay on Gallstones. Needs to be plagiarism free!
Download file to see previous pages...The pathology and treatment of gallstones is still relatively not very well understood. gallstones can range in size from smaller than a grain of sand and can grow large to a size of a spherical marble and when these cause blockages that these become a problem (Moore, Agur, &. Dalley, 2011). Many people can have gallstones and not know about it because there are no symptoms. Discussion The gallbladder is a small sac-like organ that forms a part of the digestive system and found just under the liver. Its main function is to store bile, the dark-green and bitter-tasting fluid produced by the liver. Its primary purpose is to aid in the digestion of food when bile is released into the duodenum (first section of small intestines) when chyme (semi-fluid partly-digested food from the stomach) enters the duodenum. bile is released by the hormone cholecystokinin (CKK). The CKK in turn relaxes the hepatopancreatic sphincter and stimulates contractions of the gallbladder so the bile can be pushed outwards to the duodenum. The bile is the agent that helps digestion by breaking down lipids (naturally-occurring fats, sterols, waxes, and other fat-soluble vitamins). Without the gallbladder and bile, food eaten will be useless as it is not broken down to be absorbed by the body and its nutrients flushed out as waste (Goldberg &. Williams, 1991). Bile is composed mostly of water (85%) together with bile salts (10%), mucus and other pigments (3%), various fats (1%), and other inorganic salts (1%). The gallbladder is a hollow organ composed of its three main parts which are the neck, body, and fundus (the bottom of any organ or the opposite of its opening which is the neck). The gallbladder measures 3.1 inches in length x 1.6 inches in diameter and holds up to 40 to 70 milliliters of bile when fully distended in a healthy adult human being (see Figure 1 in Appendix). This small but vital organ is located in the fossa or bed of visceral portion of the liver’s right lobe (Moore, Agur, &. Dalley, 2011). The gallbladder also performs the function of concentrating bile in addition to storing it. the concentration of bile can be changed due to two actions: the addition of water into the system when it is absorbed and if the gallbladder performs its function of concentrating the components of bile such as the bile salts and other solutes. These actions and other factors can result into the most common pathology of gallbladders which are gallstones. Bile is made or produced by the body primarily to hasten the digestive process by a chemical action known as emulsification (breaking down large fat globules into much smaller but now uniformly-sized particles). Gallstones are crystals formed out of insoluble salts, minerals, and cholesterol when the bile either gets too concentrated from lack of water or when the relative concentration of the three common components found in bile (salts, minerals, and cholesterol) become abnormal due to a mixture of factors such as a diet high in fats or cholesterol, and eating too much salty foods. The etiology of gallstones can be traced to these two primary factors. The part where gallstones usually get stuck is on the Hartmann’s pouch which is the mucosal fold located at the neck of the gallbladder (see Figure 2). If the stones are quite small, they can pass easily through bile ducts.
