Compose a 2500 words essay on Blind Spot. Needs to be plagiarism free!This natural arrangement of the eye’s structure results in what is known as a blind spot or scotoma. There is also an artificial

Compose a 2500 words essay on Blind Spot. Needs to be plagiarism free!

This natural arrangement of the eye’s structure results in what is known as a blind spot or scotoma. There is also an artificial blind spot that can occur due to a prolonged fixation of light, producing several seconds of loss of vision or local blindness, also called the Troxler Effect. However, this phenomenon is only present in the eyes of vertebrates. Cephalopod eyes, although similar superficially, do not have blind spots. This is because the optic nerve in them approaches the photoreceptors and converges from behind the retina and, therefore, creating no breaks in the visual field. An example of such an eye is that of the octopus. Apart from the naturally occurring blind spots, there are also instances where they are associated with various optical or ocular diseases, significantly reducing the level and extent to which sensory information are derived (von der Heydt & Friedman, 2003). The significance of this observation is that growing degrees of the visual field’s obscuration need to be examined for potential diseases that may lead to total blindness.

The diseases that affect the retina are both acquired and inherited and they include macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, cone-rod dystrophy, retinal separation, posterior vitreous detachment, hypertension and retinoblastoma, which is a cancer affecting the retina. In the case of macular degeneration, the part of the retina known as macula, which is also one of the nervous system’s highly specialized parts, is affected and deteriorated by various pathologic by common conditions, affecting central vision (García-Fernández, Castro-Navarro & Bajo-Fuente, 2013). Since the retina’s central portion is the macula, it is, therefore, responsible for the details of vision such as color, reading and functions like face recognition. Macular degeneration usually affect people aged above 55 and occurs in two types. dry or atrophic and wet