How does the church of Santa Maria in Rome Italy and the Triumphal arch and the Fresco of the Crucifixion which are two pieces of artwork inside the church. How do they show exemplary for the geograph

How does the church of Santa Maria in Rome Italy and the Triumphal arch and the Fresco of the Crucifixion which are two pieces of artwork inside the church. How do they show exemplary for the geographic location,  historic period or stylistic period. How is it significance, is it important because of the choice of materials, choice of subject matter, or stylistic variation? Is the artwork specific to a geographical location of specific style of art?

Can someone please help me? Also please dont cut information from websites that make it straight from a website

Triumphal arch picture: https://www.societyarts.org/in-the-study-a-tale-of-two-cities.html

Fresco of the Crucifixion: http://warfare.gq/6C-11C/Crucifixion-Santa_Maria_Antiqua-Rome-lg.htm#:~:text=Fresco%20of%20the%20Crucifixion%20from,741%E2%80%9352AD%2C%20Rome%2C%20Italy&text=Fresco%20of%20the%20Crucifixion%20fro