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I need an introduction similar to this related to the same subject with is the crystalline structures, if you can paraphrase it in a way that does
I need an introduction similar to this related to the same subject with is the crystalline structures, if you can paraphrase it in a way that does not make it plagiarized then that's fine too2 Crystalline structures based on packing of hard spheres2.1 IntroductionThe bonding energy between pairs of atoms is minimized at a xed equilibrium distance r0, because of thismost solid materials spontaneously adopt a crystalline arrangement in which atoms or ions are positionedalong an ordered periodic array called the crystalline lattice. All metals, and most covalent and ionicsolids, form crystalline structures under normal solidication conditions. Many properties of crystallinesolids depend on the crystal structure, being the manner in which atoms or ions are spatially arranged.When the atoms favor no particular bonding orientations, the crystalline structure can be convenientlydescribed using the hard sphere model. As metallic bonding is nondirectional in nature, the structure ofmost elemental metals is accurately described by the dense packing of hard spheres. In this model, hardspheres representing nearest neighboring atoms touch one another and form a densely packed structure. Incase of elemental metals, all the atoms are identical. Three relatively simple crystal structures are found formost metals: face-centered cubic (FCC), hexagonal close-packed (HCP) and body centered cubic (BCC).FCC and HCP correspond to very dense atomic arrangements called closed packed structure, while BCC isa less dense structure.Crystal structures determine most of the properties of a material. It can be witnessed in the beautifulnatural formations of minerals, or in a more indirect way in industry. For example, turbine blades for ghterjets are grown such that only one crystal orientation is possible within the whole blade. Because of thatspecic structure, the blade will not deform when exposed to extreme heat. This is only one of the manyconsequences of the study of crystallography.
