Item 1 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the...

Item 1 

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

The patterns which control a portion of the world, are themselves fairly simple. But when they interact, they create slightly different overall configurations at every place. This happens because no two places on earth are perfectly alike in their conditions. And each small difference, itself contributes to the difference in conditions which the other patterns face.

References:

Alexander, C. (1979). The timeless way of building(Vol. 1). New York, NY: Oxford University Press USA.

When patterns interact, they result in overall configurations that may be substantially different (Alexander, 1979). The patterns which control a portion of the world, are themselves fairly simple. The key is the interactions between the patterns and the differences in the contexts in which they exist.

References:

Alexander, C. (1979). The timeless way of building(Vol. 1). New York, NY: Oxford University Press USA.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Item 2 

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

We considered a number of methods for measuring similarity between countries with respect to their mathematics attainment. A simple comparison of scale scores over time was rejected as this would limit the investigation to asking how much respondents from a country know on a given topic. Instead, we chose an item-level analysis that allows for a closer examination of what respondents in a given country know and how this compares to other countries.

References:

Rutkowski, L., & Rutkowski, D. (2009). Trends in TIMSS responses over time: Evidence of global forces in education? Educational Research and Evaluation, 15(2), 137-152.

We came up with several methods for assessing how closely related two classes were with regards to their reading ability. A straightforward contrasting of test scores was deemed unacceptable since this would make it challenging to determine what reading strengths students from a specific class had. We decided, instead, to focus on answers to specific test questions to be able to see how students in a particular class stacked up against other classes with respect to the particular test question.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Item 3 

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is satisfying because it shows us a way in which simplicity could change into complexity, how unordered atoms could group themselves into ever more complex patterns until they ended up manufacturing people.

References:

Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

While the theory of evolution does have detractors, I find it provides a very convincing explanation of how highly complex organisms such as humans could evolve from simple atoms (Dawkins, 1989).

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Item 4 

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Modifications that increase task difficulty are also presented to assist instructors in structuring developmental progressions for activities that reflect various net/wall games. For example, game modifications that require participants to strike a ball with a hand after a bounce are introduced before requiring participants to strike a ball with a racquet or with a hand without a bounce.

References:

Mandigo, J. L., & Anderson, A. T. (2003). Using the pedagogical principles in net/wall games to enhance teaching effectiveness. Teaching Elementary Physical Education, 14(1), 8-11.

One strategy for changing a task to decrease difficulty comes from physical education where "game modifications that require participants to strike a ball with a hand after a bounce are introduced before requiring participants to strike a ball with a racquet or with a hand without a bounce" (Mandigo & Anderson, 2003, p. 9). A participant may then be able to focus on other aspects of the game (e.g., strategy) or find that their anxiety about playing has decreased.

References:

Mandigo, J. L., & Anderson, A. T. (2003). Using the pedagogical principles in net/wall games to enhance teaching effectiveness. Teaching Elementary Physical Education, 14(1), 8-11.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Hints

Item 5 

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Learning is a complex set of processes that may vary according to the developmental level of the learner, the nature of the task, and the context in which the learning is to occur. As already indicated, no one theory can capture all the variables involved in learning.

References:

Gredler, M. E. (2001). Learning and instruction: Theory into practice (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

A learning theory is made up of a set of constructs linking observed changes in performance with whatever is thought to bring about those changes. Therefore since learning is a complex set of processes that may vary according to the developmental level of the learner, the nature of the task, and the context in which the learning is to occur, it is apparent that no single theory can encapsulate all the components that learning involves.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

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Item 6 

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

The fact that the day of Queen Victoria's funeral coincides with the birth of the narrator may, on the one hand, signify the cultural moment when Victorian decency and codes of femininity are left behind, buried, and put to rest, and in this way, it can be interpreted as a moment when even certain untold stories can be told. On the other hand, however, it may also foretell something of a story in which matrilineage is unnaturally broken; also, it tells us about the permeability of the border between, and about the coexistence of, life and death.

References:

Séllei, N., (2009) The mother in mourning as the subject of autobiography in Rosamond Lehmann's The swan in the evening: Fragments of an inner life. In A. O'Reilly, & S. Caporale-Bizzini (Eds.). From the personal to the political: Toward a new theory of maternal narrative (pp. 170-182). Cranbury, NJ: Susquehanna University Press.

Séllei (2009) provides two different points of view on the meaning of the fact that the funeral of Queen Victoria is the same day as the narrator's birth. I find it very interesting that she suggests that the date may "signify the cultural moment when Victorian decency and codes of femininity are left behind" (Séllei, 2009, p. 171).

References:

Séllei, N., (2009) The mother in mourning as the subject of autobiography in Rosamond Lehmann's The swan in the evening: Fragments of an inner life. In A. O'Reilly, & S. Caporale-Bizzini (Eds.). From the personal to the political: Toward a new theory of maternal narrative (pp. 170-182). Cranbury, NJ: Susquehanna University Press.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

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Item 7 

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

If a bird used the 'There is a hawk' signal when there was no hawk, thereby frightening his colleagues away, leaving him to eat all their food, we might say he had told a lie. We would not mean he had deliberately intended consciously to deceive. All that is implied is that the liar gained food at the other birds' expense, and the reason the other birds flew away was that they reacted to the liar's cry in a way appropriate to the presence of a hawk.

References:

Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

As Dawkins (1989) claims, associating a lie with a bird does not imply intention on the part of the bird. "All that is implied is that the liar gained food at the other birds' expense, and the reason the other birds flew away was that they reacted to the liar's cry in a way appropriate to the presence of a hawk" (Dawkins, 1989, p. 64).

References:

Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

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Item 8 

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Of course, you could say that free will is an illusion anyway. If there really is a complete theory of physics that governs everything, it presumably also determines your actions. But it does so in a way that is impossible to calculate for an organism that is as complicated as a human being, and it involves a certain randomness due to quantum mechanical effects.

References:

Hawking, S., & Mlodinow, L. (2008). A briefer history of time (Reprint.). New York, NY: Bantam.

There is a connection between physics and free will. A comprehensive theory of physics that explains every single thing could, therefore, also be used to predict what you would do next. However, if such a theory was actually developed, it would be impossible to calculate the ways and extent it would impact how we think about humanity and ourselves.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

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Item 9 

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

Educational measurement and statistical analysis of results historically have tended to follow a pattern where variables are measured separately and then a mathematical model is chosen to portray the relationship among the variables.

References:

Frick, T. W. (1990). Analysis of patterns in time: A method of recording and quantifying temporal relations in education. American Educational Research Journal, 27(1), 180-204.

One has to be very careful when a mathematical model is chosen to portray the relationship among the variables because it can limit the relationships that you may be able to find. Research in the field of education has often taken the approach of measuring variables separately followed by examining the relationship between the variables using one of many mathematical models (Frick, 1990).

References:

Frick, T. W. (1990). Analysis of patterns in time: A method of recording and quantifying temporal relations in education. American Educational Research Journal, 27(1), 180-204.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Hints

Item 10 

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

In examining the history of the visionary companies, we were struck by how often they made some of their best moves not by detailed strategic planning, but rather by experimentation, trial and error, opportunism, and--quite literally--accident. What looks in hindsight like a brilliant strategy was often the residual result of opportunistic experimentation and "purposeful accidents."

References:

Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. New York, NY: Harper Paperbacks.

When I look back on the decisions I've made, it's clear that I made some of my best choices not through a thorough analytical investigation of my options, but instead by trial and error and, often, simply by accident. The somewhat random aspect of my success or failure is, at the same time, both encouraging and scary.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?