Need an argumentative essay on Pathophysiology of Disease. Needs to be 8 pages. Please no plagiarism.Download file to see previous pages... By looking at his given weight, we come to know that accordi

Need an argumentative essay on Pathophysiology of Disease. Needs to be 8 pages. Please no plagiarism.

By looking at his given weight, we come to know that according to his BMI he was found to be underweight by about 10 kgs, in addition to being dehydrated, proving that he was not in a fit condition for the strenuous job of lifting heavy beams which resulted in a bout of Haematemesis.

Hematemesis is the vomiting of blood usually from the upper gastrointestinal tract. This usually occurs if a person has the history of excessive alcohol abuse. In the case of our patient, upon examining it was found that the vomiting was incessant and was an upper gastrointestinal bleeding, showing that he had Haematemesis. To stop the bleeding from the esophagus immediately, the patient was treated with the Sengstaken- Blakemore tube (Bruno Feneyrou, MD, 2006) to put an end to the massive bleeding. The hemorrhage was brought under control.

In Hematemesis the person suffering would experience vigorous retching which causes the small blood vessels to tear in the area of the esophagus or throat. Other causes are irritation in the throat or stomach, bleeding from ulcers located in the esophagus, or stomach. Sometimes vomiting could take place due to ingested blood after hemorrhage from the nose or throat. At times, vomiting can take place due to vascular malfunction of the gastro intestinal tract, tumors or gastroenteritis.

Laboratory Assessment

The patient was prepared for the laboratory assessment to be made. Samples of the patient's blood, urine and faeces were taken for examination and tests were conducted. The following is the laboratory report given by the examiner.

The following laboratory tests were requested.

Laboratory investigation

Test

Values

Reference values

Serum

Sodium

152 mmol l-1

(132 - 144)

Potassium

3.1 mmol l-1

(3.2 - 4.8)

Chloride

91 mmol l-1

(98 - 108)

Urea

2.8 mmol l-1

(3.0 - 8.0)

Bilirubin

85 'mol l-1

(&lt. 20)

Total Protein

50g l-1

(65 - 80)

AST (aspartate transaminase)

elevated

ALP (alkaline phosphates)

elevated

Blood

Haemoglobin

10.2g dl-1

(12.5 - 16.0)

Haematocrit

40 mmol l-1

Urine

Initial specimen

tea coloured

Protein

strongly positive

Glucose

negative

Faeces

Admission smear

Positive for blood

Stool specimen

Positive for blood

Patient Assessment

Every patient is unique and hence the treatment varies from patient to patient. The treatment of approach is more on a "personalized and comprehensive" (Roger Weiss, MD) level.

After an initial assessment was made and the patient diagnosed for Haematemesis, he was taken in for a more detailed check up and assessment, so the right treatment could be administered. The patient was found to otherwise be hemodynamically stable, while blood, fluids and electrolyte resuscitation was administered. On admission the patient was found to have temperature which was 42'C, but the fever was soon taken care of through antibiotics.

On further examination it was found that due to a history of alcoholic abuse, and in addition to the strain caused by strenuous work, the patient had developed 'gastrointestinal bleeding." (Kelly JJ, 2005) The pulse of the patient was rather erratic rapid and irregular.