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Need help with my writing homework on Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy. Write a 1250 word paper answering;
Need help with my writing homework on Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy. Write a 1250 word paper answering; At birth, an infant lacks many of the physical abilities a matured human being has. A newborn baby’s head will be huge relative to other parts of the body. It is evident that an infant is unable to perform many physical actions except some basic reflexes such as the ability to cry. However, the infant will develop the ability to sit, stand, stoop, climb, and walk over the next 12 months (‘Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy’). During the second year of birth, the infant’s physical growth slows whereas there is a rapid increase in physical activities like running and climbing.
There are mainly two patterns of growth in a newborn baby: cephalocaudal pattern and proximodistal pattern. “The cephalocaudal pattern is the sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top – the head – with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way down from top to bottom (shoulders, middle trunk, and so on)” (‘Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy’). This is the reason why an infant’s head occupies a relatively huge portion of the rest of the body. This same pattern of growth occurs in the head region so that top parts including the brain and eyes develop faster than lower parts including the jaw and teeth. It is observed that sensory and motor development also follows the cephalocaudal growth pattern. To illustrate, infants can make use of their hands long before they are able to crawl or walk. However, some recent studies indicate that this growth pattern is not so rigid in all cases. According to a study conducted by Galloway and Thelen, infants moved to toys on their feet four weeks earlier than they moved to them with their hands (as cited in ‘Physical and Cognitive .Development in Infancy’). The proximodistal pattern is another development sequence where growth starts at the center of the body and extends toward the extremities (‘Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy’). To illustrate, infants are able to use their hands before they can use one or two of their fingers. .
