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Q1. A common theme in tanka poems is aware, the Buddhist concept of

    a. the beauty in impermanence.

    b. the general decline of society.

    c. the loss of youth.

    d. the absence of suffering.

Q2. "Picture scrolls" depicting narratives of the Heian court and beyond are called

    a. e-maki.

    b. tanka.

    c. e-awase.

    d. uta-awase.

Q3. The name for "Noh" theater derives from the translation for

    a. skill or talent.

    b. actor or performer.

    c. dancer or singer.

    d. stage or theater.

Q4. The religious practices of Yamato Japan before the influx of Buddhism are brought together under the label _____________, or "way of the gods."

    a. Horyuji

    b. Tsuyo

    c. Zen

    d. Shinto

Q5. Despite the political instability of the Ashikaga family, Japan's economy flourished due to

    a. the switch from bronze to iron tools.

    b. an influx of silver from Europe.

    c. the creation of guilds.

    d. Japanese conquest of Korea.

Q6. The potential energy for good or evil that resides in deities, living humans, and ancestors is called

    a. ase.

    b. Odu.

    c. babalawo.

    d. Ifa.

Q7. The combination of animals represented on the kponiugo, or fire-spitting mask, represents the

    a. dangers of the jungle.

    b. qualities of a brave warrior.

    c. possessions of the tribe.

    d. chaos of primordial times.

Q8. The constant element in African art and life could be defined as a tension between

    a. good and evil.

    b. order and disorder.

    c. man and woman.

    d. nature and society.

Q9. Africans are not as interested in the identity of artists as Westerners are because they

    a. consider the social functions of art as preeminent.

    b. think of art as a product of an individual mind, not of a culture.

    c. are more interested in ethnography than in social function.

    d. tend to preserve works of art for long period of time.

Q10. West African music, like _________________, is communal in its basic approach.

    a. jazz

    b. European classical music

    c. all folk music

    d. None of the above.

Q11. __________ is the Yoruba god of unpredictable fate and change.

    a. Efe

    b. Gelede

    c. Eshu

    d. Iyanla

Q12. The arts and rites associated with initiation societies

    a. teach principles of morality and leadership to the next generations.

    b. are well-guarded secrets that the Western world has never been able to learn.

    c. are violent and steeped in ritual sacrifice.

    d. are a dying art, as African cultures become more and more Westernized.

Q13. Some African initiation associations are called "secret" societies because

    a. their headquarters are hidden, and no Westerner has ever seen the inside of one.

    b. historians are not sure if they ever actually existed.

    c. they are only mentioned in African oral history, and no longer exist today.

    d. the members are masked, and specialized knowledge is restricted to members of the society.

Q14. Foreigners are represented in the Gelede celebration in order to

    a. praise their divine origin.

    b. warn the young members of society against the evils of Westerners.

    c. satirize and ridicule, but also highlight superior Western technology.

    d. invite non-members to participate in the festival.

Q15. Modern western viewers, as opposed to the Europeans who established contact with Africa, tend to view the African arts as

    a. tribal, awkward, and primitive.

    b. shocking and confusing.

    c. diverse and culturally rich.

    d. representative of a superior style of life.

Q16. Traditional Chinese poetry is composed to honor

    a. the gods.

    b. occasional moments and events in life.

    c. epic heroes from Chinese history.

    d. the commissioner of the poem.

Q17. Unlike medieval Europe, a fundamental institution of the Chinese government was the

    a. degree of corruption.

    b. competitive examination for bureaucratic office-holding.

    c. equal rights for women.

    d. declaration of rights of man and the citizen.

Q18. The ancient Chinese ruler's duty was to demonstrate _____________, or virtue, to the gods and thereby secure peace for his people.

    a. Dao

    b. Confucius

    c. Tian

    d. Te

Q19. Neolithic Chinese civilizations are primarily traced and dated via

    a. the oral literature they've passed down over generations.

    b. the pottery remnants they left behind.

    c. the ruins of their farms and villages.

    d. the scenes of great battles on the Chinese plains.

Q20. The ______________ was by far the favorite subject for Song Chinese painters.

    a. nude female

    b. landscape

    c. emperor

    d. military battlefield

Q21. Why did Europe exert its superiority over China after about 1500?

    a. China was more concerned with maintaining internal stability than exploring beyond its borders.

    b. The Europeans had invented gunpowder, which decimated the Chinese military.

    c. China was practicing a total isolationist policy, which harmed its economy.

    d. Attacks from Japan and Korea overwhelmed the weak Chinese government.

Q22. In Chinese architecture, the courtyard house represents

    a. the Daoist emphasis on the self over the rhythms of nature.

    b. the Buddhist rejection of material wealth and beauty.

    c. the noble's connection to the ancestors.

    d. the individual's desire for privacy within the community.

Q23. Buddhism spread during the Age of Dispersal because it

    a. offered salvation and the removal of suffering for the war-torn masses.

    b. offered comfort to the Chinese forced to leave their homelands.

    c. was carried to Japan by Chinese explorers.

    d. was the only religion available to the Chinese at the time.

Q24. Which statement about Confucianism is correct?

    a. The word Confucianism was first used by Romans.

    b. It is based on the ideal of inner balance.

    c. It is based on the ideal of outer beauty.

    d. Its ideal society is one in which rank is based on birth, not on merit.

Q25. After the collapse of the Han dynasty, the period of political unrest in China from 220-586, is known as the

    a. Sui dynasty.

    b. Kamakura Period.

    c. Age of Dispersal.

    d. Age of Strife.

Q26. For China, foreign trade was

    a. an absolute necessity, as China's economy could not survive without it.

    b. negligible, as it practiced a policy of isolationism from the 17th century on.

    c. detrimental to the economy, resulting in a surplus of cheap European goods.

    d. largely in exchange for European amenities like luxuries and narcotics.

Q27. Unlike in the West, the Chinese concepts of the universe were based on

    a. the opposition of good and evil forces.

    b. the harmony between yin and yang.

    c. their observations of the world around them.

    d. the teachings of Chinese priests.

Q28. Which of the following statements about the invention of gunpowder is FALSE?

    a. It had more of an effect on revolutionary Europe than it did on China.

    b. It was the primary cause of the peasant rebellions of 1637-1638.

    c. It allowed the common man to kill a fully armed and armored knight.

    d. It made war too expensive for anyone but a king to wage successfully.

Q29. Chinese architecture has been described as

    a. human-centered.

    b. ostentatious.

    c. religiously motivated.

    d. simple and easily constructed.

Q30. Early Chinese religion was based on worship of

    a. ancestors and local gods.

    b. sacred animals.

    c. an unseen creator god.

    d. the Middle Path.

Q31. The excerpt from the Kamasutra describes a young marriageable girl as someone who

    a. is a kind of merchandise to be displayed.

    b. exists to bear children for her future husband.

    c. must accept additional wives if she turns out to be sterile after marrying.

    d. all of the above.

Q32. Which of the following is NOT a rank of Hindu society, as laid out in the Bhagavad Gita?

    a. Sudra

    b. Brahman

    c. Untouchable

    d. Vaisya

Q33. Why is Hinduism difficult to define as a specific religion, like Christianity or Islam?

    a. It has no known founder or date of establishment.

    b. Its holy books have been lost to the ages and can no longer be studied.

    c. There is no clear historical break between the time "before" Hinduism and "after" its founding.

    d. A and C.

Q34. In the middle of the fifth century the Gupta empire was invaded by the

    a. Goths.

    b. Aryans.

    c. Vandal.

    d. Huns.

Q35. The ______________ is one of the best-known literary works from India, featuring a conversation between Krishna and Arjuna.

    a. Analects of Confucius

    b. Quran

    c. Epic of Sundiata

    d. Bhagavad Gita

Q36. In Buddha's "Sermon in the Deer Park," the Lord (Buddha) tells the five monks to avoid craving and desire by following

    a. the desires of the senses.

    b. Western philosophy.

    c. the Middle Way.

    d. the path to truth and righteousness as explicated in the Bible.

Q37. Images of the Buddha depict him in a state of

    a. harmony and bliss.

    b. suffering and pain.

    c. intense emotion.

    d. restless and active striving.

Q38. Classical Indian music contains

    a. ragas and talas.

    b. melody and harmony.

    c. short, simple scales.

    d. no rhythm to speak of.

Q39. The terms "Hinduism" and "caste" were originally used

    a. to discern between social orders in Indian culture.

    b. by the Brahmans to wield religious and political power over the ancient Indian peoples.

    c. by British Orientalists to rationalize British political intervention in Hindustan, or early India.

    d. as words in religious ritual, but eventually came to describe Indian social orders.

Q40. In the excerpt from The Bodhisattva, the bodhisattva's offer is similar to that of

    a. Jesus.

    b. Muhammad.

    c. Buddha.

    d. Krishna.