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Provide a 7 pages analysis while answering the following question: Science in Public Health. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required.
Provide a 7 pages analysis while answering the following question: Science in Public Health. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is required. On the other hand, the subjects in cohort studies are selected on the basis of whether they have a certain risk factor/exposure or not and are then followed over time to observe for the development of the outcome/disease (Mann, 2003). Cohort studies can either be prospective or retrospective and can be used to calculate the incidence of a disease and the relative risk of developing a disease.
As compared to observational studies, such as case-control and cohort studies, in interventional studies such as a randomised control trial, the investigator assigns the exposure. In other words, the investigators introduce an intervention and the study objective is to determine the effect of that intervention on the study population. Such studies help in determining the effectiveness of an intervention or compare two or more different intervention.
(i) This is a case-control study because the study aims to compare individuals who are low birth weight (cases) and those who have normal birth weight (controls) and then determine whether they had the exposure or not (mother smoker or non-smoker).
(ii) There can be several confounding factors in this case such as the mothers' pre-pregnancy health status, any complications arising during pregnancy, maternal nutritional status, and most importantly the duration of smoking. In order to minimise the impact of these factors, the subjects recruited should be comparable in all aspects.
(ii) In this case, there can be other exposures which can contribute to the development of the disease. The effect of other confounders can be reduced by recruiting subjects with similar exposure history and risk factors.
(c) you wish to determine whether there is an association between people becoming cases of Legionnaire’s disease in a town which has experienced an outbreak of the disease, and their using a sports centre in that town during the two weeks before the outbreak. . .
