Question 1 In California there has been land subsidence due to over pumping of the ground water. According to the ground water movie, how much subsidence occurred in the Central Valley of California

Question 1 

In California there has been land subsidence due to over pumping of the ground water. According to the ground water movie, how much subsidence occurred in the Central Valley of California in the San Joaquin Valley from 1925 to 1977.   

 10 ft or 3m

 60 ft or 18m 

200 ft or 61 m

 30 ft or 9m

Question 2 

 In the ground water movie, Mr. William Cunningham, talks about the irrigation distribution and he points at two things, please choose the point that he made. 

 1. Western 17 states use much more groundwater for irrigation as compared to eastern 31 states; 2. Western 31 states have decreased their ground water uses (for irrigation) significantly over the last 6 decades (1960 -2000).

 1. Western 17 states use much less groundwater for irrigation as compared to eastern 31 states.; 2. Western States are using increasingly more water every year (1960 -2000). 

1. Western 17 states use much less groundwater for irrigation as compared to eastern 31 states.; 2. Western 31 states have decreased their ground water uses (for irrigation) significantly over the last 6 decades (1960 -2000). 

1. Western 17 states use much more groundwater for irrigation as compared to eastern 31 states.; 2. Western States are using increasingly more water every year (1960 -2000).

Question 3 

 What is true about porosity? Choose all correct answers, more than one answers are correct. 

 percentage of open space within an unconsolidated sediment or a rock

Consolidation and cementation during the process of lithification of unconsolidated sediments into sedimentary rocks enhances primary porosity 

Unconsolidated sediments tend to have lower porosity than consolidated ones because they have no cement, and most have not been strongly compressed 

It is expressed as a percentage calculated from the volume of open space in a rock compared with the total volume of rock.

Question 4 

What approximate percentage of the total amount of water on planet Earth is fresh (not salty)? 

 10% 

17%

 3% 

1%

Question 5 

Which of these are top three water aquifers in the USA?

Note: this question is based on the Groundwater movie.

 Ogallala Aquifer- High Plains aquifer

 Rio Grande aquifer system

 Central Valley aquifer system- California 

Edward-Trinity Aquifer 

Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer

Question 6 

US population has increased from (around)150 million in 1950 to 300 million in year 2010. As a nation, US has ________________ its ground water usage in the last decade years (from year 2000 to 2010).

Note: this question is based on the Groundwater movie.

 increased significantly

 decreased slightly 

decreased catastrophically

 increased slightly

Question 7 

According to the ground water movie, around 50 % of the river(stream) water comes from the ground water. In the movies example of two streams on B in North Dakota the stream flow is 90% made of run off and only 10% ground water. Whereas in case of C., an stream in Michigan, has 90 % groundwater and 10 % run off water contribution. What kind of rocks are present in these two aquifers? 

 B is mostly limestone which are fine grained rocks and do not allow the movement of water;C. is mostly shale and gypsum, which are coarse grained rocks with high permeability and allow the movement of water. 

B is mostly silt and clay, which are fine grained rocks and do not allow the movement of water; and C. is mostly sand and gravel, which are coarse grained rocks with high permeability and allow the movement of water. 

B is mostly oil rich shale and C is mostly silty limestone. 

B. is mostly pebbles and gravel, which are coarse grained rocks with high permeability and allow the movement of water.; and C is mostly dolostone and limestone, which are fine grained rocks and do not allow the movement of water;

Question 8 

Ground water is seeping into a gaining stream. A water well is drilled next to the stream.

Below are some events,

A. Initially the water comes from the aquifer storage, and not from the stream. But, significant amount of ground water is seeping into the stream.

B. At later time, the water table is moved down at the location of the water well and slightly less water is coming to the pump, and very small amount of water is seeping into the stream.

C. At event later stage, more water flows into the stream and the water well does not produce water anymore.

D. After longer time, if the pumping is high enough, the flows from the stream into the ground water system and the water well produces both the aquifer water and  stream water.

Which one of these are possible results of the interaction of stream and the water well?

Note: this question is based on the Groundwater movie.

 A, B, C and D

 A, B and D

 A and D

 B and C.

Question 9 

According to the USGS five year report in 2010, which these were the top three states using ground water for public supply (>1,000 million gallons of water per day)? Choose all three correct answers.

Note: this question is based on the Groundwater movie.

 Arkansas

 California

 Washington 

Texas 

Montana

 Florida

Question 10 

In case of  a gaining stream, __________?__________.

Note: this question is based on the Groundwater movie.

the watertable is above the stream water level and groundwater seeps into the stream.

 the water seeps from the stream to aquifer and raises the water table.

 gains the velocity and amount of sediments upstream. 

flows through Gaines county Texas

Question 11 

The difference between "deserts" and "steppes" is _______________? 

deserts are found in Both North and South America, steppes are found in Africa and Asia 

deserts contain mostly sand, steppes are made up of gravel and rocks 

deserts are arid (rain < 10inch), steppes are semiarid(rain 10-20inch) 

deserts have rain only in the summer, steppes have rain mostly in the winter

Question 12 

The Great Basin desert is an example of a ___________________? 

desert in Africa 

rain shadow desert

 low latitude desert in the Tropic of Cancer

 low latitude desert in the Tropic of Capricorn

Question 13 

Alluvial fans form where stream gradients change from steep to flat. This happens when an stream flows from a steep mountain to a flat land.

• When the sediment-rich water loses energy at the foot of the mountains, it forms a ____________.

meandering stream

 playa lake 

braided stream

 bajada

Question 14 

Sand is carried by the wind as _________________________? 

 suspended load

 dissolved load

bedload

all of the other answers

Question 15

 Wind abrasion produces ______________________. 

 sand dunes and blowouts 

blowouts and desert pavement

 ventifacts

sand dunes and ventifacts

Question 16 

 Deserts are defined as _______________________? 

 areas with sand dunes

 areas with very little rainfall

 areas with minimal rainfall and high evaporation rates

 areas with vultures

Question 17 

A dry lake bed in the desert is called a ________________? 

 mirage 

playa

 bajada

 alluvial fan

Question 18 

 Bajadas form from coalesced _______________________? 

drainage basins

 sinkholes

 playas 

alluvial fans

Question 19 

The Sahara desert is an example of a ________________________? 

 desert in North America 

rain shadow desert

 low latitude desert in the Tropic of Cancer

 low latitude desert in the Tropic of Capricorn

Question 20 

The major erosive agent in deserts is ____________? 

 wind 

running water

 herds of grazing animals

 tornadoes

Question 21

 Star dunes form 

 only in north American deserts

 when two different types of dunes grow together due to variation in wind flow and direction.

 where the wind direction is always from the north

 where the wind direction is perpendicular to the orientation of the dunes

 when there is a strong onshore wind, the sand supply is abundant and there is lots of vegetation