Question 1 You have an outcrop of sandstone that contains inclusions of a limestone. What does that tell you about the age of the sandstone versus the limestone? the sandstone is older the limesto

Question 1 

You have an outcrop of sandstone that contains inclusions of a limestone. What does that tell you about the age of the sandstone versus the limestone? 

 the sandstone is older 

the limestone is Paleozoic because its inclusions contain fossils

 the limestone and the sandstone are the same age

 the limestone is older

Question 2 

What is the difference between relative and absolute age dating? 

 Relative dating involves your sister or brother, absolute age dating involves a committed relationship, no matter with whom

 relative age dating involves putting a real age number on an event, absolute age dating involves telling which came first and which came second

 relative age dating involves telling which came first and which came second, absolute age dating involves putting a real (absolute) age number on an event 

they are both the same thing

Question 3 

 The first abundant metazoan fossils appear at the beginning of the _____________? 

 Proterozoic

 Cambrian

 Permian

Cretaceous

Question 4 

 The Principle of Inclusions states that ___________________? 

 rocks that contain inclusions of another rock are always younger than the rock from which the inclusions came

 rocks that contain inclusions of another rock are always older than the rock from which the inclusions came

 inclusions are always darker colored than the rock that contains them because they are older 

inclusions always contain fossils that will tell you the relative age of the rock

Question 5 

______________ occurs when there are missing deposits between 2 flat-lying formations.  This is the most difficult type of unconformity to detect. 

rounded unconformity 

nonconformity 

disconformity

 angular unconformity

Question 6 

 The word PALEOZOIC means ________?  all life

 early life 

recent life

 middle life

Question 7 

 Which type of unconformity has metamorphic or igneous rocks in contact with sedimentary rocks

 disconformity 

nonconformity 

angular unconformity 

flat unconformity

Question 8 

The Principle of Original Horizontality states that _________? 

 igneous rocks are always deposited horizontally 

metamorphic rocks are always deposited horizontally

 all rocks are horizontal

 sediments or lava flows are generally deposited horizontally

Question 9 

What is the Principle of Superposition? 

Geologic structure is younger than any geologic structure it cuts across. 

in an undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, the oldest rocks are on the top 

in an undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, the oldest rocks are on the bottom 

older rock fragments found within igneous intrusions.

 it is "super" to be in the top position

Question 10 

 An INDEX FOSSIL must be _______________________? 

geographically widespread

 easy to identify 

limited to a short span of geologic time

 all of the answers shown

Question 11 

 Earthflows are most common in ____________? 

 humid regions

 dry regions

areas underlain by granite 

areas with no hills or mountains

Question 12 

 Which of the statements is NOT true about Rock Fall ?

 Rock fragments break off from steep bedrock slope.

 Rock falls with a slow speed in a rock fall mass wasting.

 Most common cause of Rock Fall, or breaking off of rock material is frost wedging.

 Rock fall happens at vertical or near vertcal angles.

Question 13 

In mass wasting an outside force that gets things moving is called a trigger. One of the most common triggers is the vibrations of an earthquake. What are the two important processes through which an earthquake can trigger a mass wasting event.

[please choose two answers]

Earthquake vibrations can sepprate weak spots in rocks, and break the cohesion between rock and soil particles. 

Earthquakes cause fire and that makes the trees dead and this triggers a mass wasting event. 

Earthquakes raise the temprature and this causes metlting which reduces friction and this leads to mass wasting. 

Earthquakes trigger liquifaction in some soil which casues them to loose cohesion.

Question 14 

 Which of the following is NOT used to classify mass wasting events? 

 type of material involved 

type of motion of the material 

speed (velocity) of the event 

hardness of the material

Question 15 

The angle of repose for dry sand is 

 10 degrees. 

25 degrees.

 45 degrees. 

65 degrees.

Question 16 

In geologic terms, CREEP is _______________?

 what a baby does before he learns to crawl faster 

what a car driven by a timid person might do

 very slow movement of soil downhill 

rapid movement of soil and regolith after an earthquake

Question 17 

 The tendency for like particles to stick together is called 

 strength.

 cohesion.

 inertia. 

friction.

Question 18 

 Which of the following forms of weathering does NOT involve a mechanical weathering process? 

 oxidation 

frost wedging

 unloading

 biological activity

 abrasion

Question 19 

 ______________ is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that remove soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, then transport it away to another location 

 Erosion

 Corrosion 

Explosion 

Identification

Question 20 

What type of soils do we have here in the Midland/Odessa area? 

 alfisols 

histosols

 aridosols

oxisols

Question 21

 Which of the following chemical weathering process alters the feldspar to clay minerals? 

 oxidation

 hydrolysis

 abrasion

 dissolution

Question 22 

 Which SILICATE mineral is THE MOST resistant to weathering (weathers last or is hardest to weather)? 

 quartz

 olivine

augite 

biotite

Question 23 

OXIDATION is a type of chemical weathering that particularly attacks what type of minerals?

 quartz

 carbonate minerals

 evaporite minerals

 iron rich minerals