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QUESTION
Sartre defines existentialism as the belief that for human beings existence comes before essence. He contrasts this with the state of objects, where...
- Sartre defines existentialism as the belief that for human beings existence comes before essence. He contrasts this with the state of objects, where production (or essence) precedes existence.
- What does Sartre mean by this expression, existence precedes essence?
- How does this distinguish a subject from an object?
- In what manner, does the idea of God as creator reduce the human being to an object?
- In respect to the notion of an "atheistic existentialism," Sartre writes that existentialism "place the entire responsibility for his existence squarely upon his shoulders."
- What does he mean when he says the human being is solely responsible for his existence?
- How does an atheist have more responsibility than a theist?
- How is an atheistic existentialist responsible for "all men"?
- Sartre writes: "First I ought to commit myself and then act my commitment, according to the time-honored formula that 'one need not hope in order to undertake one's work.'" His suggestion is that we should act without hope.
- What does it mean to act with hope?
- Why does Sartre argue that we should act without hope, that we live a more responsible and fuller life without hope?
