South University NSG 5003 quiz 1 patho South University NSG 5003 quiz 1 patho South University NSG 5003 quiz 1 patho South University NSG 5003 quiz 1 patho South University NSG 5003 quiz 1 patho South

**** * ***** ******* Describe *** following ******* modes ** ******** **************************** ***** that secrete chemicals ****** ******** (eg ******************* ********* ******** *** released ** one *** ** cells *** ****** ******* *** ****** *** ******* *** bloodstream ** ******* * ******** ** other **** of *************************** *** *********** *** *** released into *** blood ** ************** ******* Like ********* cells ************** neurons release blood-borne chemical ********** ******* ******** ******* ******* short-range ***************** into * ***** ******** space *** *********************** ******* ***** chemical ********* **** *** quickly ******** ********* ** ********************* ***** **** *** ******* ******* **** **** themselves respond to Example cancer ***************************** communicate ******** **** *** cells **** innervate ** releasing chemicals or ***************** ** specialized ********* ****** chemical synapses; the **************** ******** ****** the ******** ***** and **** on *** ************ target ****** **** ******** of *** following ********* mechanisms:(passive)Diffusion:Movement ** ********* from ** **** ** ******* ************* ** ** area ** lesser ************* ****** *** ****** ******* ******** ** ***** *********************** ********* (facilitated *********** ********* molecules **** through ***** Example ******* ******* **** ****************************** ****** cell engulfs ********* ****** ** White ***** cell ******** ********* ******** **** ******************************** stationary cell engulfs ********* ************* ** ************* fluids hormones *** enzymesactive ********* (potassium-sodium ************** of ********* **** an **** ** ****** ************* to ** **** ** ******* concentration requires ************ **************** ** water **** ******* ************* ** lesser ************* ********** ** watrer)(passive) hydrostatic ******** ***************** ***** and dissolved ********** **** an **** of ****** ******** ** ** **** ** lower ******** ******* ********* ****** ***** ************* Describe the ********* ******** ********************** * ******** ** ********* ** ******** size ***** **** ***************** ** ** ******** ** *** **** of ***** and ************ ** *** **** ** the ******** ***** ***** *** kidneys enlargement **** ********************** ** an increase in *** ****** of cells ***** ******* ***************** ********* hyperplasia):abnormal ******* ** the size ***** *** ************ of ****** ***** ***** reversiblemetaplasia:is *** ********** *********** ** *** ****** **** ** another ********* **** ************** cell **** The **** ******* ** ********** ** *********** ** ****** ******** ******** ********** cells of the bronchial ******** ****** ** stratified squamous ********** ***** ******* **** *** ***** ****** ******** ********** ***** ** not ******* ***** ** **** ***** ******* **** of * ***** ********** *********** ******** and ******** the ********** ** cellular ****** for the ********* *************** **** ** sufficient oxygen Hypoxia can ****** **** * ******* amount ** ****** in *** *** **** ** ********** ** ********** ******** ********* production ** *** ***** ***** consequences ** *********** *** ************** ****** ******** and ********* ** the oxidative enzymes ************* within the ***** *** **** common cause ** ******* ** ******** (reduced ***** ************* ** gradual ********* ** arteries (arteriosclerosis) *** complete ******** ** ***** clots ********************************** injury begins with * *********** interaction between * toxic ********* *** *** cell’s ****** ******** which ** ********** ******* ******* ** ********* ************ Example *** ******* ***** ****** monoxide ****************** radicals:A **** ******* ** ** electrically uncharged **** ** ***** of atoms having an ******** ******** Having one ******** ******** makes *** ******** ********* **** to stabilize it gives ** an ******** ** ******* ******** ** ****** one ********* ** ** capable ** injurious ******** **** ********* **** ******** ****** *** ************* Free radicals *** ** ********* ****** cells ** *** *** ********** ** extreme ****** ******* (eg *********** light x-rays); *** *** ********** ** endogenous ********* **** ** ***** ********* ** ***** ****** ** reduced to water infectious *********************************** ** *** **** ** ** ******* *** ****************** *** ************ ********** ****** ** ********** ***** (lymphocytes ************ *** ********** **** as histamine antibodies *********** ********** *** ********* ********* ********* such ** ** some ***** of ******** and ********* *************** factors:sicle **** ***************** *************** starvation or ************ *** ******* ****** ** ****** ******** particularly albumin cause ***** ** **** **** *** interstitium (edema)physical ****************** extremes *********** pressure ******* radiation ************ ********** ******* ***** *** ********* *********** ******** *** relationships ** the ********** *********** ****** ************ ****** **************** ******** ******* and ******** cleft· ******** the ******* ** common *************************** * ****** pain ****************** ****** ********** motor ************************** control ******** ****** ***** ******* Characterize *** ******** *** ********* ** *** ****** cord· ******** the formation *********** ******** and function ** cerebrospinal ***** (CSF)Cerebrospinal ***** ***** ** * clear colorless **** fluid ***** ** *** ***** and ****** **** ** ** produced in *** ******* ******** ** *** ********** ** the ***** ** acts ** * cushion ** ****** *** the ***** ********* ***** mechanical and ************* ********** ** the brain ****** the skull· Indicate *** ********* ********** of ***** ****** ** coup *** ********** ************* ****** occurs ***** *** **** ** impact **** ** object *** a contrecoup ****** ****** ** *** **** opposite *** **** **** *** ****** **** and ********** ******** *** associated **** cerebral ************* * type ** ********* ***** ****** in ***** the ***** ** *********** * moving object ******* *** stationary head **** injuries *** ********** ***** ********** ******** are ******** when the moving **** strikes * stationary object[1]· ************ *** differentiate the clinical manifestations ** mild and ******* ******** concussions *** ** mild ******** and severe ******* ****** ************ ********** manifest **** **** than 30 ******* ** loss ** consciousness ****** **** ** **** **** 24 ***** and * ******* **** scale ***** ** ** ** ***** Otherwise ** ** considered * ******** ** severe ********* ***** **************** axonal ********** * ***** ****** ** which ****** in *** form ** ********* ******* ** white ****** ****** ****** over * ********** **** DAI ** one of *** **** common and *********** ***** ** traumatic brain ********* *** ** * ***** cause of unconsciousness *** ********** ********** ***** ***** ****** head ********* ******** the cause *** ****** ******** ************** *** ************ *************** ** hemorrhageProdromal ****** ******** ***** Dizziness (10%) ******* **** **** ******** **** ****** loss ************ ************* is ****** onset of ****** ******** ****** ****** vomiting ****** rigidity *** ****** Explain the ****** *** ******** manifestations associated **** demyelination *** ****** formation in ******** ******************* disease associated **** ******* on ****** sheath; ****** to ****** ** * ***** *** **************** ******** *** *************** *** manifestations of *************** ***************** ******** or ******** ********** in *** **** **** *** UPPER ********** system ****** ** ******* *** myelin ****** that ********* *** axons ** **** nerve cells *** ********* *** ***** ********** Injured or degraded ****** **** ***** ******* ** ************ ** *** brain's ******** *** *** brain also receives ***** sensory ******* from *** **** ** the body resulting ** ** inability ** **** ******** **** **** and ***** ************ ****** the ************* ******** ******* that ***** ** ********** ****** ** *** ********** ******** *********************** ************* ****** ********* antibodies **** to receptors for ************* *** ****** **** ********** ******** *** ******* error ********** in *************** (PKU)Inborn ***** ** *** metabokism of ***** acidsError ** ********* of *** phenylalanine hydroxylase ***** geneHyperphenylalaninemiaTreatment: *********** ** ************* ** *** diet· ******* **** ******* ** *** brain during * **************** discharge ** electrical ******** ** *** ****** ******* is * ****** change ** the brain's normal ********** ******** During a ******* brain ***** ****** ************** at up ** **** ***** ***** normal **** *********** ********* the *** * ****** behaves ***** ****** or feels-Dysregulation of ********** gamma-aminobutyric **** * ********* neurotransmission· Discuss *** ************** of *** ********* ***** ** ********* seizures:infantile spasms:3 ** * ****** ** *** ********** **** **** ******** Symmetric ********* sudden ************ ** *** ***** muscle ****** (usually **** but **** ***** **** **** ** occur in ******** **** ***** ********* ** falling ****** ***** ******* **************************** syndrome:The ************** syndrome ***** ** * type ** ******** **** multiple ********* ***** of ******** particularly ***** (stiffening) and ****** ****** ******************** *********** ** usually *** not ****** *********** *** (electroencephalogram) ***** * ******* ******* ** ********** ******* *** ********** ****** ** *********** **** **** ** *** secondThe ***** ** *** disorder ** ******* ** * out ** * **************** myoclonic epilepsy:The ******** characteristics ** ******** myoclonic epilepsy *** the presence ** ********* jerks **** occur ** awakening from ***** ****** in the ******* ** **** * *** **** are typically ********* ** ********** ********* *** arrhythmic ********* ** both **** ********* ***** ********* *** ********** **** ** the fingers ****** *** person **** ****** or ***** ** ******** ********* ** *** **** *********** aspects ** ******** ********* epilepsy ** the **** that there are *** **** ****** ********************* ******* * sleep deprivation and stressSleep *********** *** ******* ********* ***** ********* alcohol ****** *** *** **** ******** ************ ** ********* jerks *** generalized ************ ******** ** JMEOther common ************* ******* ******* ****** stress ******* *** ** ********** excitement ** *************** ****** **** *** ********** ******** **** *** ********* ** flickering light **** ** ****** ****** ** ****** ** ***** games ** ***** shining ******* ***** ** reflecting *** ***** ***** ** **** ***** are ****** ************** seizuresOccasionally ********* ******** *** **** ******** ** factors **** ** *************** or ****************** ******* ************* common ****** children ******* *** age ** 6 months *** 5 years *********** are ** *** **** name suggests induced by fever ***** is ********* ********** **** **** ********** ******* the ******* ******* ******** ******** inflammation *** ******** ** **** ******** (acquired) immunityInflammation ** ***** *********** ***** ************* is slower ******** very long ********** **** TOGETHER)· Identify *** describe the ****** ******* ******* *** their interactions ** inflammation: ********** ******* ****** or indirect *********** ** cells * ***** ** ****** ******** ****** Participate at all ****** ** ************ ***** ******** Classical *** ****** ** ** **************** ********** *********** ****** ** *** ******* ** *** ********* and Lectin ****** ** ******* **** **** C1 *** ******************** ******* ******** ********** ** ******** pathogens and ******** ********** ***** ***************** microorganismsProvides a ******** *** healingKinin ******* ********* **** *** coagulation ****** Pro-inflammatory Activated by *** *********** system ********** ******** The ******* ***** is bradyknin ******** ************ ******************* ******** permeability vacillation ****** ****** contraction· Identify ******** and ******* *** ********** ****** ******* including activation *** *** ******* *********** *** ****** ********** Describe *** ******* ** histamine ******* ** ** *** H2 ************ ******** ** ********** *** anaphylactic ***** ********* drug ********* food ************ **** ** ** **** *** ******* *** ***** ** ********** to **** ****** ulcers· CharacterizeImmunity:the ******* ** an organism to ****** a ********** ********* ** toxin ** *** action ** ******** ********** or sensitized white ***** ************** :are any substance **** binds ************ ** ** *************** **** **** ** ** antigen ******** ** which ** ******** ******** ***************** *** ******** that initiate ** ****** ******** but *** ******** *** *** ** ********** **** very ***** ********* ****** ******* can bind to antibodies ** ****** ******** *** they ****** initiate ** immune ********* ******** *********** ** ********** antigen These ***** molecules *** ****** ** immune ******** **** **** attached to a ***** ******* **** ** * ******************** ******** **** **** known as ** ************** **** ** a ***** ******** ******* produced ****** by ****** ***** that ** used ** *** immune ****** ** ******** *** neutralize ********* **** as ******** *** ******* *** ******** ********** * ****** molecule of the harmful ***** ****** ** ******* via the variable ********** ******* *** contrast active *** ******* ************** immunity is ******** ***** is ********* ** ******** ** ****** *** ** ******* ** immunization (vaccine) ******* immunity ********** **** ****** ** ************ ***** **** another ******** ******** *** ********* and ** important **** ** **** of *** **** ******* ** *************** ************* *** *** IgE *** *** IgDM ******** * ******* A ******* Define hypersensitivityHypersensitivity ***** called **************** ******** ** ************ ** * *** ** undesirable ********* ******** by *** ****** ****** ****** ********* ********* *** ************ ***** ********* may ** ******** ************* or ************ fatal· Differentiate ******* immediate ************* shock) *** ******* ****************** and **** ******** ** **************************************************************************************** a ******************** ** ******* to ************************************************************************************************************************************************ ** ****************************** ** ************************************************* ** ********* on mastcellsandbasophilsSubsequentexposure ** ************************************** ** * ************ of ********* ** hypersensitivitythatact ** ******************************* ** bronchospasmedemamucoussecretionandinflammationdelayed ***************************** ** thetuberculinreactionwhich(asopposed ** ******************************* ** ** ** ***** to ****************** ** *********** ** lymphocytesbutnot ** ******************************* ** ******* by ***************************************************************** * ************************************************************* of ********* ***************** ** *************** ** ********************************************************************************************** ******* and ******** **************** acid ***** *** ribonucleic **** ***** ******* Recognize HIV ** a retrovirus- ***** ********** ** * ********** ******* ** uses ******* ************* ** ******* *** genomes **** *** ******* which is **** **** *** cell's ********** viruses ******** produce mRNA ***** *** ********** into ***** proteins *** ***** the ******* *** **** be *********** into **** ****** ******* *********** can ***** ***** *** **** *** ****** ********** **** host ***** ****** * **** ** *** ******* info being ****** **** *** ******** cells· ********* *** major ************ of *** ******* endocrine *** immune ******* ** *** stress ************** ****** is integrated **** ***** physiologic ********* and is ********* ** ******* ** CNS *** ********* functioning like those **** ********* ************* ****** The nervous ****** *** ****** ****** ******** *** ****** *********** of immune ****** *** ** ********* ** hormones **** the pituitary *** other ********* ****** ********** ***** ** *** ****** ****** *** influence ******* ****** function by ********* of a ******* ** ******** ********** ***** ***** ********* are *** **** ********** Also ******** classically *** ***** *** considered ****************** privileged’ ** ** *** recognized **** ***** of *** ****** system *** ** ****** in *** brain *** **** **** *** ** ** important ****** in **** ******* ******* ****** ***** ********** ************ *** ******* ** cortisol ** *** ********* in the stress responseGlucose-Cortisol *********** ******* *********** ** ********************* ***** **************** ******** ****** ** *** ***** *** ********* ** ***** ********************** *********** of lipids ** **** ******* *** ********* ** ************* ******************************** ********* ********** proliferation ** ***** sites· **** **** causes the ******* ** cortisol ************************* ******* ****** ** a hormone ******** in the anterior or front ********* ***** ** *** brain *** ******** ** **** ** ** regulate ****** of *** ******* hormone ******** ***** is ******** **** the ******* gland· ******** the anti-inflammatory ******* ** cortisol ** Th1 *** Th2 **************** of *** decrease ** ****** ******** *** **************** ****************** Th2 ******** ** ******** ******** and ***************** ********

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