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There are two types of chi square -- goodness of fit and chi square of association (sometimes called chi square of independence).
There are two types of chi square -- goodness of fit and chi square of association (sometimes called chi square of independence). The simplest type is chi square goodness of fit -- that type has only one variable. In chi square goodness of fit, we ask whether the distribution of some variable is the distribution that is expected. Here are two examples of questions that can be answered with chi square goodness of fit. We have to actually perform the chi square to answer the two questions.
1. We flip a coin 50 times. 30 times we get heads and 20 times we get tails. Is that distribution different enough from 50/50 to conclude that the coin is most likely not a fair coin?
2. The ethnic distribution at a particular community is: 60% Caucasian, 30% Black, and 10% other. The distribution of membership at the local country club is: 80% Caucasian; 15% Black, and 5% other. Can we conclude that the membership of the country club is NOT representative of the community?
Can you think of an example of the use of a chi square goodness of fit in psychology research? Think of these topics.
A. Grade distributions
B. Crime statistics
C. Prevalence of particular behavior disorders in the population (ADHD, depression, etc)
