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What do vitamins K and D have in common?
What do vitamins K and D have in common?
Both are required for normal vision.
Both are important in blood clotting.
Both are important for bone health.
Neither has a set UL since there is no toxicity at high levels.
Which of the following is true of iodine?
iodine deficiency can lead to goiter
iodine is required for a healthy thyroid
iodine is frequently added to salt
the tolerable upper limit of iodine is 1100mcg per day
all of the above are true
What is the greatest source of sodium in the US diet?
Whole foods
Processed and packaged foods
Natural salt content of unprocessed foods
Salt added during cooking and at the table
Which of the following is a characteristic of the trace minerals?
The amounts in foods are dependent, in part, on the soil composition.
A deficiency sign common to many trace minerals is dermatitis
Deficiencies and toxicities are relatively easy to determine.
We can synthesis many of the trace minerals in our bodies.
What should you do to maximize iron absorption from food sources?
Choose spinach as a main source of iron.
Consume soy with vegetables to enhance iron absorption.
Eat non-heme iron sources with a glass of orange juice.
Eat non-heme iron sources with a glass of milk.
The symptoms of overhydration can include (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
swollen tissues
decreased urine output
swelling of the brain
death
The majority of water is lost from which of the following combinations of sites in the body:
GI tract and kidneys
liver and kidneys
liver and GI tract
skin and GI tract
Which of the following is FALSE in regards to water?
Water helps regulate body temperature.
Water is important for metabolic reactions (digestion and synthesis) and is produced by some metabolic reactions.
Water transports nutrients and waste products in the body, particularly in the bloodstream.
The more water we drink, the less water is excreted - excess water is retained in the body.
Water provides cushioning to joints and to the fetus during pregnancy., (Incorrect answer)Water provides cushioning to joints and to the fetus during pregnancy.
Which Vitamin has the highest UL?
Vitamin B6
Niacin
Vitamin C
Folate
Vitamin A
Which of the following is a rich source of vitamin E?
Vegetarian diets may prVegetable oils and green vegetables
Meat and butter
Carrots and berries
Milk and milk products
Which of the following is a primary role of iron?
It transports oxygen in red blood cells.
It regulates levels of neurotransmitters.
It is required for the function of white blood cells.
Minerals are classified into two categories. These are
water and fat soluble minerals.
inorganic and organic minerals.
major and trace minerals.
available and non-available minerals.
Which of the following does NOT serve as a major regulator of fluid balance in the body?
chloride
sodium
phosphorous
potassium
Which of the following is true of phosphorus?
It is an important component in hardening bones and teeth.
Deficiency of phosphorus is common and is normally observed in normal weight adults.
There is no set UL as there is no risk of excess consumption.
It is the most abundant of the minerals.
A 3% loss of body water is sufficient to cause dehydration.
True
False
Which is a general property of the minerals?
Minerals are inorganic.
Minerals are not digested/broken down.
Absorption efficiency from foods varies among the types of minerals.
All of the above are true
What is the main role of vitamin K?
blood clotting
calcium utilization
epithelial tissue renewal
energy metabolism
There is no toxic effect of drinking too much water.
True
False
Which of the following describes the primary function(s) of vitamin A?
It supports reproduction and regulates growth.
It is an antioxidant.
It promotes bone health and vision.
All of the above.
With respect to vitamin K which of the following is true?
it is water soluble
vitamin K toxicity is a serious concern in the US population
RDA for vitamin K ranges from 90-120mg depending on gender
deficiency of vitamin K is common in the population
The correct answer should have said 90-120mcg
Which of the following is/are among the general characteristics of the fat-soluble vitamins? (Select All That Apply)
Excesses are eliminated by the kidneys
Absorption occurs in the small intestine
They can be stored in the body
Excess ingestion can lead to toxicity due to storage in the body
All of the following affect iron absorption and transport EXCEPT
Vitamin C
Hepcidin
Collagen
Ferritin
What is the daily recommended Adequate Intake (AI) for sodium intake?
less than 500 mg
1500 mg
4700 mg
at least 3g
All of the following are trace minerals EXCEPT
Manganese
Molybdenum
Selenium
Sulfate
Which of the following is TRUE about Calcium. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
it is the most abundant mineral in your body
The AI of around 1000 mg is not matched by most US residents
the UL of calcium is 2500mg
calcium supplements can relieve constipation
The vitamin used to make the electron carrier NAD in energy metabolism is _______.
Which of the following is/are among the general characteristics of the water-soluble vitamins? (Select All That Apply)
Toxic levels due to storage in the body are rarely found.
They are absorbed directly into the blood.
Excesses are eliminated by the kidneys.
they require bile acids to be absorbed.
The best sources of water from food are
fruit and vegetables
meat and dairy
nuts and legumes
alcohol and coffee
Which of the following are primary functions of potassium? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Acts as the principal intracellular electrolyte
Increases blood pressure.
Muscle contraction and nerve function.
Helps retain sodium and increases calcium excretion.
Which of the following are functions of the electrolytes? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY:
Maintain acid-base balance.
Assist in normal muscle contraction.
Maintain normal fluid balance.
Assist in nerve impulse transmission.
Which of the following is a major function of zinc (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
DNA synthesis
immunity
taste
bone and cartilage formation
