Write 2 pages thesis on the topic post-laboratory assignment. Post-laboratory Assignment Step Copper (II) nitrate from copper Molecular Cu(s) + 2HNO3 (aq)= Cu (NO3)2(aq) + H2 (g) Ionic Cu(s) + 2H+ (a

Write 2 pages thesis on the topic post-laboratory assignment. Post-laboratory Assignment Step Copper (II) nitrate from copper Molecular Cu(s) + 2HNO3 (aq)= Cu (NO3)2(aq) + H2 (g)

Ionic

Cu(s) + 2H+ (aq) = Cu+ (aq) + H2 (g)

Step 2: Copper (II) hydroxide from copper (II) nitrate

Molecular

Cu (NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) = Cu (OH) 2(s) + 2NaNO3 (aq)

Ionic

Cu²⁺ (aq) + 2OH⁻ (aq) = Cu (OH) ₂(s)

Step 3: Copper (II) oxide from copper (II) hydroxide

Molecular

Cu (OH) 2 (s) = CuO (s) + H2O (l)

Ionic

Cu (OH) 2 (s) = CuO (s) + H2O (l)

Step 4: Copper (II) sulfate from copper (II) oxide

Molecular

CuO (s) + H2SO4 (aq) = CuSO4 (aq) + H2O (l)

Ionic

CuO(s) + 2H+ = Cu2+ + H2O (l)

Step 5: Copper recovery from copper (II) sulfate

Molecular

Zn(s) + CuSO4 (aq) = ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)

Ionic

Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) = Zn2+(aq) + Cu (s)

Side Reactions

Molecular

HNO3 (aq) + NaOH(aq) = NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l)

Ionic

H+ (aq) + OH-(aq) = H2O (l)

2.

It could have been due to lack of keenness while conduct the experiment thus erratic measurements besides improper decanting when doing filtration.

3.