Write a 2 page essay on Answer 2 questions about language teaching and learning.Explicit learning may be deductive, where the learner is taught rules directly by an instructor, or inductive where the

Write a 2 page essay on Answer 2 questions about language teaching and learning.

Explicit learning may be deductive, where the learner is taught rules directly by an instructor, or inductive where the learner draws own rules based on examples available in the language. The second method is more useful than the first because it enables the learner to explore the language beyond the lesson time.

However, the deductive approach must be used to introduce the learner to the language itself in especially in L2 [second language] learning Dekeyser, 2003, 315).

In order to acquire a second language effectively, it is important that the learner is taught through an explicit system. However, the process should be as inductive as possible for a better and more effective acquisition of the language. This is because, there is very little that can be learned through the implicit process alone according to research under the Artificial Grammar Learning (AGL) paradigm (Dekeyser, 2003, 315).

Pienemann’s Processability Theory refers to the stages of mastering the nature of computational routines used in a new language that an individual is learning. In order to use the new language well as a means of communication, the learner needs to process in his mind these routines that include grammatical rules and acceptable syntactical sequences (Pienemann, 2001, 12).

In L2 (second language) learning, this processability is impaired by the routines that the learner has already gotten used to in the L1 (first language). In English, for instance, the word order is important in determining the functions of different parts of the sentence. For example in the following two sentences:

Such conventions make it very difficult translate for learners of L2 since they tend to rely on the rules of their L1. Such learners may give the second sentence above as the one signifying that John was the agent (Pienemann, 2001, 15).

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