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Complete 4 page APA formatted essay: Validity: External, internal, and construct.Validity: External, internal, and construct The establishment of authenticity, originality and applicability of any res
Complete 4 page APA formatted essay: Validity: External, internal, and construct.
Validity: External, internal, and construct
The establishment of authenticity, originality and applicability of any research work is a matter of judgment. The judgment is derived from the understanding drawn from various factors. In order to establish the importance and difference between the three types of validity, a causal relationship between, loan default and poor credit worthiness is used as example. The research paper endeavors to uphold the contrasting features of external, internal and construct validity through subsequent comparison of the characteristics as well as threats for the same. Characteristics of external validity External validity examines if the causal relationship which is observed can be generalized and applied across different measures, persons, settings and times. This is one of the unique characteristics of external validity. If the conclusion derived from the test cannot be generalized then it means that it is applicable to only a part of the population (Linn, 2011). It is a type of evaluation of the experiment that questions whether the experimental results are applicable to the populations and situations which are different from the original experiment. For example, in the loan defaulter classification analysis it is found that certain characteristic features are unique to the defaulters. These characteristics can be applied to generate a probable score of the defaulters of short term loan (Lune, Parke & Stone, 2012). External validity confirms whether the test results can be applied to derive the credit scores of those defaulters who have taken long term loans. Characteristics of internal validity Unlike other validity tests like the construct validity and external validity, the internal validity indicates if the covariance observed between the variables can be at all regarded as true causal relationship. Internal validity helps to check if the experiments are performed correctly. It also helps to check if the confounds are occurring. If the internal validity of the experiment is found to be low then it indicates that there is high chance of presence of external variability. In the loan defaulter classification example a high covariance is found in between relaxation of the loan policy and the chances of loan default. It was found that during periods when the financial policies were relaxed higher numbers of loan defaults are witnessed (Moss, 2013). So it can be said that there is a direct covariance in the relaxation of the terms and policies and the frequency of loan default. Further investigation in the policies and terms of lending indicate that when the obligations to submit security deposits are relaxed then more number of defaulters is noticed. This evidently points to the fact that there is a definite cause and effect relationship between policy implementation and loan defaults (Reckase, 2010). Characteristics of construct validity Unlike other types of validity namely external validity and internal validity, construct validity usually was divided into 3 main types, which are content validity, criterion related validity and predictive validity. For example, in the debtors classification test based on the credit score one of the first criteria is the establishment of the fact that the sample used is a representation of the population (Taleporos, 2006). The criterion related validity helps to focus on the correlation of test with some standard measures. For example, the validity of the variables chosen to construct the model is compared with some other types of standardized measures. The variables chosen to built a similar score model by different bank or financial
