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Complete 8 pages APA formatted article: Organisational Behaviour and Culture. Culture has been defined in many ways, but the common factor in all definitions is that culture symbolises uniformity in s
Complete 8 pages APA formatted article: Organisational Behaviour and Culture. Culture has been defined in many ways, but the common factor in all definitions is that culture symbolises uniformity in specific attributes and ways of life. That is why the whole world cannot have the same culture. different people, different beliefs. In this paper, the writer will discuss the dynamics of culture and organisational behaviour, and their relation to the case of company X.
Researchers have created different models for classifying the world’s cultures. The frameworks suggest how people in a specific culture will behave and what types of values, approximately, they will have (Hawes, 2012:24). In spite of this, these models cannot forecast what any one person’s pattern of values will be – not everybody in a specific culture believes or acts as the majority. Sometimes, there are great disparities between single cultures in many cultures.
Hofstede particularly dedicated his research to work-related values in his examination of culture. He gathered data from IBM workers in over forty countries. While analysing the data from over one-hundred and sixteen workers, he derived four dimensions of values so that he could explain the variations among cultures (Kreitner and Kinicki, 2010:34). Later, he added a fifth. Although this data was gathered in the 1970s, many modern studies and data from outside the European continent have virtually confirmed his findings, albeit with minor differences or additions. Some major disparities have also been noted when alternate techniques are employed, or some non-European people are studied. According to Hofstede, cultures can be analysed, classified, and compared based on five dimensions that influence behaviour, social norms (e.g. religious functions, marriages, and funerals) and organisation practices. These dimensions are the following: .a) Individualism – collectivism. b) Masculinity – femininity. c) Power distance. d) Short-term – long-term outlook. e) Risk or uncertainty avoidance. .
