Electronics Lab - Transistor Fundamentals

Electronics I and Lab

Transistor Fundamentals

Introduction:

Week 4 lab is based on the fundamentals of a transistor and analysis of an analog circuit.

Please review the following videos before getting started with this lab:

1. Watch the video: “Video 3: Fundamentals of breadboard”
2. Watch the video: “Video 4: Basic electrical components”
3. Watch the video: “Video 5: Simple resistive circuit with NI myDAQ”

Materials and Equipment:

Materials:

• Hardware Parts (In the Toolbox):
  • An NPN transistor: 2N3904
  • Two resistors: 10 kΩ and 3.6 kΩ
  • Jumper wires

Equipment:

• Hardware Equipment:
  • Breadboard
  • NI myDAQ Instrument device
  • Screw Driver
  • Screw Terminal connector
  • USB Cable
  • Multimeter probes
  • Oscilloscope, Multimeter and Function generator from NI ELVISmx Intrument Launcher

Procedure:

*** This lab has to be implemented only in hardware (using NI myDAQ) ***

1. Analyze the circuit in the Figure 1 below to calculate the following values: VE, IE, VRC, VC, VCE. Make sure to include 20% tolerance for each resistor in the calculations.
2. Construct the circuit shown in Figure 1 below on the breadboard using the transistor and two resistors (RCand RE).
3. Using the jumper wires, screw driver and screw terminal connector, connect the board to NI MyDAQ Instrument Device.
4. Use channel +15V pin out on the NI myDAQ Instrument Device to provide the supply voltage (VCC) and channel AO0 to provide the base voltage (VBB). Make sure that this voltage is peak-to-peak. Use channel AI0 to measure the required voltages using the oscilloscope.

Figure 1

1. Using the function generator from NI ELVISmx Instrument Launcher, provide the input voltage VBB to the circuit.
2. Use the oscilloscope to measure the voltages: VE, VRC, VC, VCE.
3. Now, using multimeter with the probes, measure the required voltages: VE, VRC, VC, VCE and currents: IC and IE.
4. Tabulate the values obtained in step 1 and 7.

 CalculatedMeasuredVE  IE  VRC  VC  VCE  

Review questions:

1. Compare the calculated and measured values in the table and analyze the performance of the transistor.
2. Discuss whether the values are the same or different. If they are different, provide the reasoning and explain how to reduce this difference between calculated and measured values.
3. Explain what happens when the transistor changes to a PNP transistor. How does the change in the transistor effect the current and voltage in the circuit?

Deliverables:

1. Analysis of the circuit and calculations of voltages: VE, VRC, VC, VCE and currents: IC and IE.
2. Place your student ID card on the breadboard and take a picture of the circuit board and pin out on the NI myDAQ Instrument Device.
3. Take screenshots of the measurements obtained from function generator and Multimeter on the NI ELVISmx Instrument Launcher on your screen.

Lab Report:

• Use the Lab report template found in the “Tools and Template” link in the navigation center.
• Include all the deliverables.
• Include all the screenshots of the measurements from Multisim, circuit design on the breadboard using NI myDAQ device and measurements from MI ELVISmx Instrument Launcher.
• Save the document as Lab4YourGID.docx (ex: Lab4G00000000.docx) and submit in Blackboard.

Grading Rubrics:

Grading CriteriaPointsAnalysis of the transistor circuit in Figure 1 using an NPN transistor15Including 20% tolerances in the calculations10Construct the circuit in Figure 1 on the breadboard20Interfacing the breadboard with the NI myDAQ using appropriate pins10Measurement of the voltages: VE, VRC, VC, VCE using the Oscilloscope and Multimeter probes10Measurement of currents: IE and IC using the Multimeter probes10Table and Review Questions15Report format (Proper use of template)10TOTAL100