Explain of Conclusions of Two Means - Independent Samples

The financial aid office of a university asks a sample of students about their employment and earnings. The report says that "for academic year earnings, a significant difference (p = 0.038) was found between the sexes, with men earning more on the average. No difference (p = 0.476) was found between the earnings of African-American and white students."

Explain both of these conclusions, for the effects of sex and of race on mean earnings, in language understandable to someone who knows no statistics.

Reference: http://www.learner.org/courses/againstallodds/pdfs/AgainstAllOdds_StudentGuide_Unit27.pdf

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