Question: Question 1 When rounded to the nearest day, the Sun takes approximately____ days to drift around the entire sky, while the Moon takes...

Question:Question 1

When rounded to the nearest day, the Sun takes approximately____  days to drift around the entire sky, while the Moon takes approximately___    days.

Question 2

Match the appropriate moon phase to the description given.

The phase between waxing gibbous and waning gibbous.

       [ Choose ]         full moon         new moon         first quarter         last quarter      

The phase between waxing crescent and waxing gibbous.

       [ Choose ]         full moon         new moon         first quarter         last quarter      

The phase between waning gibbous and waning crescent.

       [ Choose ]         full moon         new moon         first quarter         last quarter      

The phase between waning crescent and waxing crescent.

       [ Choose ]         full moon         new moon         first quarter         last quarter      

Question 3

Tonight is a full moon. Three nights from now, the moon's phase will be                    [ Select ]                 ["waning gibbous", "waning crescent", "waxing gibbous", "waxing crescent"]        . Roughly a week from now, the moon's phase will be                     [ Select ]                 ["last quarter", "first quarter"]        . Ten nights from now, the moon's phase will be                     [ Select ]                 ["waning crescent", "waxing gibbous", "waxing crescent", "waning crescent"]        .

Question 4

Why does the Moon's appearance change over the course of its cycle of phases?

Question 5

 eclipses occur when the Moon's shadow falls upon the Earth, which can happen during the   moon phase. On the other hand,   eclipses occur when the Earth's shadow falls upon the Moon, which can occur during the   moon phase.

Question 6

Why don't eclipses occur dozens of times over the course of a year?

Question 7

Which of these are planets that are visible to the naked eye from Earth's surface?

the Moon

Mars

Uranus

Mercury

Pluto

Jupiter

Saturn

Neptune

Venus

Question 8

Typically, the planets drift   ward through the night sky from night to night, much like the Moon. However, they occasionally exhibit  motion in which they appear to drift  ward.

Question 9

The ptolemaic model of the universe is a   centric model with the   at its center.

The model supported by Copernicus and Kepler is a   centric model with the   at its center.

Question 10

Kepler's first law states that the shape of the orbits of the planets is  , with the Sun at one   .

Kepler's second law states that, if a line is drawn between a planet and the Sun, equal   are swept out in equal times. In other words, planets move   when closer to the Sun.

c. Kepler's third law states that the square of a planet's orbital  is proportional to the cube of the planet's average orbital  .

Question 11

Planets                     [ Select ]                 ["rotate", "revolve"]        around the Sun and                    [ Select ]                 ["rotate", "revolve"]        on their axis.

Question 12

The terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) and jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) are very different. For the following characteristics, match whether it describes the terrestrial planets or the jovian planets.

orbit close to the Sun 

       [ Choose ]         terrestrial planets         jovian planets      

orbit far from the Sun 

       [ Choose ]         terrestrial planets         jovian planets      

predominately rocky 

       [ Choose ]         terrestrial planets         jovian planets      

predominately gaseous 

       [ Choose ]         terrestrial planets         jovian planets      

high density 

       [ Choose ]         terrestrial planets         jovian planets      

low density 

       [ Choose ]         terrestrial planets         jovian planets      

few, if any, moons 

       [ Choose ]         terrestrial planets         jovian planets      

many moons 

       [ Choose ]         terrestrial planets         jovian planets      

faster rotation 

       [ Choose ]         terrestrial planets         jovian planets      

slower rotation 

       [ Choose ]         terrestrial planets         jovian planets      

Question 13

Why is Venus hotter than Mercury, even though Venus is about twice as far out from the Sun as Mercury is?

Question 14

Which of these planets or dwarf planets have no moons?

Neptune

Pluto

Uranus

Venus

Mars

Jupiter

Mercury

Saturn

Question 15

What is Saturn's rings composed of? How could we be sure of this just from observations on Earth?

Question 16

What are dwarf planets? Why is Pluto now considered a dwarf planet?

Question 17

Of the major moons of the solar system:

a.   appears to have an ocean beneath its cracked icy crust.

b.   has an atmosphere of methane.

c.    has the most volcanic activity of any object in the solar system.

Question 18

 are the rocky remains of the early solar system, primarily found in a belt between   and   .

Question 19

 are the icy remains of the early solar system, primarily located in the   belt and the   cloud.

Question 20

Fragments from asteroid collisions or debris from comets make up                    [ Select ]                 ["meteors", "meteorites", "meteoroids"]        . When one of these enters Earth's atmosphere and burns up, the resulting streak of light is called a                    [ Select ]                 ["meteorite", "meteoroid", "meteor"]        . If part of it manages to survive and reach the Earth's surface, the remains are called a                     [ Select ]                 ["meteorite", "meteoroid", "meteor"]        .

Question 21

The "surface" of the Sun is called the   , and it has a temperature of   K.

Question 22

The most abundant element in the Sun is   , while the second most abundant is   .

Question 23

 are patches on the Sun's surface that appear dark due to being   than the rest of the Sun's surface. Their number rise and fall in a regular cycle that lasts an average of   years.

Question 24

The aurora   in the northern hemisphere is caused by the stream of protons, electrons, and other ions from the Sun known as the  . These charged particles excite molecules in the air, which then radiate in different wavelengths of light.

Question 25

How is energy produced in the core of the Sun (and other stars as well)? Be as specific as possible.