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Write 12 page essay on the topic THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS IN PSYCHOLOGY I choose Behaviourism and Cognitive Psychology portfolo.The diversity in cognitive psychology is classified into a couple of tren
Write 12 page essay on the topic THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS IN PSYCHOLOGY I choose Behaviourism and Cognitive Psychology portfolo.
The diversity in cognitive psychology is classified into a couple of trends namely: the sociocultural and individual cognitive.
The sociocultural trends according to Duffy & Cunningham (1996), emphasizes the culturally and socially situated context of cognition. Individual cognitive trend on the other hand is derived from the theory of Piaget and emphasizes on the constructive activity of people as they attempt to derive sense of the world they live in. Conversely, behaviorism .is branch of psychology based on theoretical foundation with a core focus on measurable, observable behaviors as the basic unit of analysis. The practice and study of behaviorism in psychology emphasizes controlling and predicting behavior making it relevant to organization studies.
For decades, the behaviorist perspective dominated the field of psychology. However, in the late 1950s and the early 1960s the theory began to lose its credence. The behaviorism paradigm is of the perspective that knowledge or any other concepts such as perception, thought, memory, or even attention are not important while understanding behavior. The proponents of this theory therefore, focus only on behaviors that are observable other than mental activities that are unobservable. The theory does not therefore, engage in speculating about the nature of people’s thoughts but instead attempt to elucidate behaviors that are observable. Such behaviors may include connections of stimulus response. The premise of behaviorism is that behavior is a function of its environmental contingencies or consequences.
Contrary to behaviorism, cognitive psychology attempt to understand thoughts and inner mental activities. Unlike the behaviorist, cognitive psychology focuses on understanding and explaining the complexity and multifaceted causes of human behavior. Cognitive psychology design theories and models related to memory and other cognitive activities in an effort to deepen the understanding of behavior.
