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Even today, the victims of the tragedy continue to suffer. However, through the efforts of Union carbide, several legal processes have been initiated for the victims. Additionally, the Union carbide’s
Even today, the victims of the tragedy continue to suffer. However, through the efforts of Union carbide, several legal processes have been initiated for the victims. Additionally, the Union carbide’s initiative has helped to bring up globally responsible care to help improve safety standards, the preparedness towards emergencies, improving process safety standards and as well protecting workers and communities from bad industry practices.
Explain the Bhopal, India disaster
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During the year 1984, a methylisocyanate (MIC) gas leak from the production chambers of Union Carbide India Limited (UCIl) in the Indian city of Bhopal contributed to several casualties. According to verifiable government statistics, the gas leak tragedy lead to the immediate death of more than 5200 people, while several thousand others suffered permanent and partial disabilities. Even later the casualties would face respiratory related diseases from inhaling the poisonous fumes released in the air contributing to further deaths.
The unfortunate event occurred in the year 1984 on the month of December between 2nd to 3rd at the UCIl pesticide plant in India. The incident came about when a 42 tonne tank containing MIC apparently got contaminated with water. MIC is an important ingredient in the manufacture of pesticides but lethal if it undergoes a chemical reaction with water. The accidental entry of water in the tank through a pipe that had a missing slid plate caused the entire disaster. The exothermic reaction caused the soaring of temperatures in the tank which catalyzed the reaction and making the situation uncontainable. As the further corrosion of the steel pipes made the reaction even more explosive, the rescue team’s ability to stop the reaction became impossible. As a result therefore, in trying to avert the beginning disaster, the teams resulted to releasing the excess emissions into the atmosphere to control the increasing pressures and the increasing explosions as well.
These emissions have ben believed to be approximately 30 metric tons of MIC which followed the wind currents towards the surrounding community. The MIC gas cloud contained air contaminants such as hydrogen cyanide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and phosgene among other poisonous gases. These gas contaminants therefore were believed to have produced solid aerosols which were responsible for the victim’s health complications.
As a result of the tragedy therefore, UCC, under the leadership of its then chairman Warren Anderson were required to take the responsibility for the disaster in which they were highly blamed for. However, according to their own reporting, they highly believed that the disaster was an act of sabotage and therefore the company had not done an act of negligence in their production activities. UCIL, which was owned by both the Indian investors and UCC was later sold to McLeod Russell India Limited of Calcutta and then renamed to Eveready Industries Indian Limited. Due to the sale therefore, UCC had no interest in the Bhopal site. The funds realized in this sale would later be used to create a trust fund for funding the provision of healthcare to the victims of the tragedy.
However, with the closure of the site, UCIl was able to undertake a cleanup exercise for a short while. The process that UCIl reports to have used approximately $2,000,000 is still believed to have not been satisfactory by organisations that have since then championed for the rights of the victims. Due to this concern therefore, Eveready Industries India Limited (EIIL) continued with the cleanup exercise up until the year 1988 when its 99 year lease of the land that the facility rested expired. Madhya Pradesh State Government (MPSG), that assumed the ownership of the facility, committed to assuming any remaining remediation in the land but any additional clean up exercise being undertaken since then remains unclear.
Bibliography
Ali, A. (1987). A guide to Bhopal : a research publication with illustrations depicting a sociocultural scene of Bhopal with special reference to the gas tragedy of Bhopal. Bhopal: Jai Bharat Pub. House ; New Delhi : Distributors, Manohar Book Servic.
Banerjee, B. N. (1986). Bhopal gas tragedy : accident or experiment. New Delhi: Paribus Publishers and Distributors.
Forum, S. f. (1984). Bhopal gas tragedy : Delhi Science Forum report. by Delhi Science Forum. . Delhi: Society for Delhi Science Forum.
Mukherjee, S., & Rai, R. (2002). Bhopal gas tragedy : the worst industrial disaster in human history, a book for young people. Chennai: Tulika Publishers.
Tivārī, S. (2012). The let down : Bhopal gas leak tragedy, world's largest industrial disaster. New Delhi: Samayik Books.